The integration of robots and autonomous systems (RAS) is increasingly transforming various sectors across the United Kingdom; consequently, researchers have generated a plethora of literature examining its influence and trajectory. This literature review, therefore, examines the multifaceted aspects of RAS adoption in the UK, with special emphasis on key sectors such as manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and agriculture.
Furthermore, early research shows that RAS can boost manufacturing productivity and efficiency by addressing labor shortages and improving process accuracy. In addition, studies from the Manufacturing Technology Centre confirm that manufacturers effectively use robots and autonomous systems in production line automation.
Doctors and engineers use robots and autonomous systems in medicine for surgery, drug delivery, and rehabilitation. For instance, research from the University of Oxford shows that robotic surgical systems can perform minimally invasive surgery accurately. Moreover, hospitals also consider them for cleaning environments to reduce infection risks.
Similarly, robots and autonomous systems are changing the logistics industry. In particular, warehouses employ autonomous mobile robots to sort, pick, and pack goods, improving speed and reducing costs. Consequently, research supports investing in these technologies for competitiveness.
However, researchers recognize issues with the rise of robotics and autonomous systems, such as job loss, ethical dilemmas, and the need for strong regulations. In response, the Resolution Foundation study urges skills training to address these concerns. Furthermore, effective ethical frameworks are necessary for fields like healthcare, and the British Standards Institution is developing standards for safe robot use.
The UK is actively pursuing robots and autonomous systems; however, it faces challenges. Moreover, researchers need to conduct more studies to understand their long-term effects and ensure benefits for society. Furthermore, ongoing debate among scholars, policymakers, and industry remains crucial.
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