The Graphical password authentication system aims to improve user authentication by using visual memory, which can enhance usability and security. In this context, this review examines recent progress in graphical password designs, including recall-based and recognition-based methods, thus highlighting increased retention and satisfaction in users compared to traditional passwords.

Moreover, significant attention has been given to comparing security breaches related to alternative passwords, which demonstrates fewer phishing risks and better protection against brute-force attacks. Furthermore, the review discusses user studies highlighting the need for intuitive and engaging Graphical password authentication systems, suggesting that a balance of security and usability could change how users engage with digital authentication.

This review seeks to combine current research and, in addition, highlight areas needing further study on Graphical password authentication systems that balance usability with an understanding of user behavior. These systems, using images, patterns, or gestures, indeed provide a secure and user-friendly alternative to traditional text passwords. For instance, an example is choosing a sequence of images or drawing a pattern on a grid.

Understanding user behavior and cognitive patterns is essential for designing effective graphical password systems. By examining user interactions with technology and their ability to recall visual information researchers can create systems that align with natural human tendencies. This user-centric approach improves usability and bolsters security by making passwords easier for users to remember while being harder for attackers to guess. The integration of these Graphical password authentication systems promises to enhance cybersecurity by merging functionality with user-focused design potentially transforming digital identity authentication. Ongoing research and development indicate a promising future for graphical passwords offering a combination of convenience and security in a connected world.

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